2024 How is content organized in the curriculum framework

Regardless of definition or approach, curriculum can be organized into three major components: objectives, content or subject matter, and learning experiences. Think of objectives as a road map (“where” are we going), content as the “what” of curriculum, and learning experiences as the “how.”. Ar 690 610

Curriculum Curriculum refers to the entirety of the organized experience of students in any institutional setting towards educational aims and objectives. The elements that constitute and bring to life a Curriculum are numerous, and include goals and objectives, syllabi, content to be taught and learnt, pedagogical practices and assessment, teach-The curriculum is the foundation for educators and students in outlining what is critical for teaching and learning. The curriculum must include the required goals, methods, materials and assessments to allow for effective instruction. Goals: Goals within a curriculum are the expectations based on course standards for learning and teaching. The ...The content and learning outcomes of the curriculum align with the Head Start Early Learning Outcomes Framework (ELOF) and state early care and education standards. It provides guidance on what (content) and how (learning experiences and teaching practices) to teach. Content is drawn from current child development science, the interests and ...Curriculum The development, dissemination, and implementation of relevant and effective curriculum and expected learning outcomes can improve teaching and learning. The curriculum framework, including the expected learning outcomes, communicates what teachers and learners should know and do.The American Curriculum offers a wide range of courses and subjects designed to produce well-rounded students. The American system of education focuses on helping students discover the subjects where they excel and make the most of their talents. The curriculum is designed in a way that prepares students for university and beyond by promoting ...This question is considered in detail in Module 3 – Curriculum Design (Training Tools for Curriculum Development – A Resource Pack). How will the content (the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes) be organized under the new curriculum framework?24 One very common reason for adopting a framework approach to curriculum is to introduce more ...Build your plans. Step 1: Determine your scope and sequence by using the Scope and Sequence template. Download docx. Step 2: Choose a unit from the scope and sequence. Use this Unit Plan template Download docx to begin to build out your unit plan. Step 3: If applicable, build and name a folder or module in UB Learns. The curriculum consists of the plans for the learning experiences through which children acquire knowledge, skills, abilities, and understanding. Implementing a curriculum always yields outcomes of some kind—but which outcomes those are and how a program achieves them are critical. In developmentally appropriate practice, the curriculum helps ... Dec 7, 2022 · Content Standards Content standards were designed to encourage the highest achievement of every student, by defining the knowledge, concepts, and skills that students should acquire at each grade level. Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards Web page for those interested in following the revision of CTE Model Curriculum ... How is content organized in the curriculum framework? Prepare for a class discussion. III. APPLY With a partner, your last task for this lesson is to prepare a two-page position paper that will ...The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions ofJan 19, 2022 · Since 2005 A.D, a lot of improvement can be seen in the curriculum framework of Nepal but still teaching methodology shows a micro improvement. The contents set or organized for producing human resources is not at least bad but there’s a lack of interpretational ability which is one bad side or say failure of educational administration. successful curriculum development and revision (Johnson, 2001). So, this paper will discuss the importance of teachers’ involvement in curriculum development, the challenges that teachers face in curriculum development, preparation for teachers involvement in curriculum development, the teachers role in curriculum development, and then ...Curriculum alignment brings teams of teachers together to plan instructions. Vertical alignment is when teachers who teach the same content area meet across grade level bands. Horizontal alignment ...Standards for Mathematical Content . The Standards for Mathematical Content emphasize key content, skills, and practices at each grade level and support three major principles: • Focus—Instruction is focused on grade-level standards. • Coherence—Instruction should be attentive to learning across grades and to linking majorlearning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one. Introduction. The preschool learning foundations are critical to the California Department of Education’s (CDE’s) efforts to strengthen preschool education and close the school-readiness gap in California. The foundations describe competencies—knowledge and skills—that most children can be expected to exhibit in a high-quality program ...The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...How is content organized in the curriculum framework? Prepare for a class discussion. III. APPLY With a partner, your last task for this lesson is to prepare a two-page position paper that will ...Organizing Your Course to Facilitate Student Learning. Well-organized courses encourage student motivation, performance, and persistence. Instructors can design their courses in many rich ways to cultivate student motivation and enhance opportunities for more effective learning. When a course is designed so that the learning goals align with ...Sep 17, 2021 · curriculum as a content. Bintz & Dillard (2007) stated that the curriculum was defined as a lived experience, as a tool to prepare students for life, as a system, as a plan for a specific subject area, as a content, as an activity or opportunity, as a tool helping teachers to make decisions on teaching, and as How is content organized in the curriculum framework? Prepare for a class discussion. III. APPLY With a partner, your last task for this lesson is to prepare a two-page position paper that will ...The Australian Curriculum includes: eight key learning areas—English, Mathematics, Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, Health and Physical Education, Languages, Technologies and the Arts. seven general capabilities—literacy, numeracy, digital literacy, critical and creative thinking, personal and social capability, intercultural ...standards at the high school level were organized by discipline. The standards are rigorous. Students who master this content are on a par with those in the best educational systems in other states and nations. The content is attainable by all students, given sufficient time, except for those few who have severe disabilities. Curriculum implementation. The process of putting the formal curriculum into practice. In the case of a new or revised curriculum this process ideally includes school development and improvement processes; fostered school leadership and ethos; in-service teacher training and the development of new textbooks, teaching and learning materials and ... The previous chapter describes seven principles that support learning with understanding. This chapter explores the implications of those principles for the intentional and systemic design of four key elements of the educational system—curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development—to promote learning with understanding within the context of advanced study.The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...The Australian Curriculum includes: eight key learning areas—English, Mathematics, Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, Health and Physical Education, Languages, Technologies and the Arts. seven general capabilities—literacy, numeracy, digital literacy, critical and creative thinking, personal and social capability, intercultural ...May 29, 2023 · 1. Define the purpose of the curriculum. Your curriculum should have clear topic and purpose. The topic should be appropriate for the age of the students and the environment in which the curriculum will be taught. [1] If you are asked to design a course, ask yourself questions about the general purpose of the course. Defining the curriculum content. Curriculum development is both a political and technical process. Given the importance of curriculum for society (i.e. from the point of view of its identity; development prospects; etc.), curriculum is a matter of public interest. Curriculum entails nevertheless technical aspects that are the responsibility of ...Nov 8, 2022 · Introduction. The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s (CDE’s) efforts to strengthen preschool education and close the school-readiness gap in California, thereby narrowing the achievement gap during the K–12 school years. The foundations describe competencies—knowledge and ... May 29, 2023 · 1. Define the purpose of the curriculum. Your curriculum should have clear topic and purpose. The topic should be appropriate for the age of the students and the environment in which the curriculum will be taught. [1] If you are asked to design a course, ask yourself questions about the general purpose of the course. According to the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), “curriculum” is the organized framework that delineates the content children are to learn, the processes through which children will use to achieve the identified curricular goals, what teachers will do to help children achieve these goals, and the context Dec 15, 2022 · The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions of Organizing Your Course to Facilitate Student Learning. Well-organized courses encourage student motivation, performance, and persistence. Instructors can design their courses in many rich ways to cultivate student motivation and enhance opportunities for more effective learning. When a course is designed so that the learning goals align with ...Curriculum strands. Structural elements of the curriculum designating the way in which content is organized for the purpose of planning for student learning. The term ‘strands’ is used to indicate: (a) the disciplines within a learning area, e.g. history, geography, economics and civics under ‘social studies’, each with its own ... The C3 Framework, like the Common Core State Standards, emphasizes the acquisition and application of knowledge to prepare students for college, career, and civic life. It intentionally envisions social studies instruction as an inquiry arc of interlocking and mutually reinforcing elements that speak to the intersection of ideas and learners.Curriculum Standards. Because of student mobility, Texas has adopted curriculum standards that are to be used in all the state's public schools. The current standards, which outline what students are to learn in each course or grade, are called Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS). The standards are adopted by the State Board of ...result in more content organized chronologically and geographically in ways that more fully establish the ability of students to identify and remember causes and effects related to major historical people, events, and ideas across approximately 7000 years of world, U.S., and Texas history . Opportunities toDec 15, 2022 · The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions of The American Curriculum offers a wide range of courses and subjects designed to produce well-rounded students. The American system of education focuses on helping students discover the subjects where they excel and make the most of their talents. The curriculum is designed in a way that prepares students for university and beyond by promoting ...This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download.A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A Curriculum Framework is part of a outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A Curriculum Framework is part of a outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. Shulman (1986) introduced the phrase pedagogical content knowledge and sparked a whole new wave of scholarly articles on teachers' knowledge of their subject matter and the importance of this knowledge for successful teaching. In Shulman's theoretical framework, teachers need to master two types of knowledge: (a) content, also known as "deep ...A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A Curriculum Framework is part of a outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. The curriculum consists of the plans for the learning experiences through which children acquire knowledge, skills, abilities, and understanding. Implementing a curriculum always yields outcomes of some kind—but which outcomes those are and how a program achieves them are critical. In developmentally appropriate practice, the curriculum helps ...The Fiji Islands National Curriculum Framework (NCF) sets out the philosophy and structure for curriculum from early childhood to Form 7. It provides information to assist all those with a responsibility for the provision and quality of the curriculum and education in the Fiji Islands. The framework will be of use to and will inform: How is content organized in the curriculum framework? Prepare for a class discussion. III. APPLY With a partner, your last task for this lesson is to prepare a two-page position paper that will ...This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download.Apr 12, 2021 · At the beginning of 2020, to stop the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to the campus, the Ministry of Education of China launched a policy “Suspension of classes without suspending schooling” for the spring semester of 2020. However, the drawbacks of online teaching (e.g., students’ inadequate autonomous learning, the lack of effective online instruction) forced us to modify ... what standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ...Curriculum framework. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. [1] A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design.result in more content organized chronologically and geographically in ways that more fully establish the ability of students to identify and remember causes and effects related to major historical people, events, and ideas across approximately 7000 years of world, U.S., and Texas history . Opportunities to The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...According to the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), “curriculum” is the organized framework that delineates the content children are to learn, the processes through which children will use to achieve the identified curricular goals, what teachers will do to help children achieve these goals, and the context 5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners.A quality curriculum maximizes the potential for the effective enhancement of learning. Underlying this paper is the premise that educational quality should be understood primarily in terms of the quality of student learning, which in turn depends to a great extent on the quality of teaching. Oct 28, 2021 · The sequence includes plans and materials for learning experiences to support and extend children’s learning at various levels of development. Education staff can use this resource to select and implement curriculum that includes an organized scope and sequence. 45 §1302.32 (a) (1) (iii) and §1302.35 (d) (1) (iii): Center-based, family ... This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download.The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions ofwhat standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ... Standards, kindergarten content stan-dards, and the . Head Start Child Develop-ment and Early Education Framework. An investment in high-quality care and educa-tion programs throughout the early years will promote learning for all children and ensure school readiness when they enter kindergarten. These foundations will help guide andBecause the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ...Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ... 1. The nature of a curriculum framework Before discussing the process of developing a curriculum framework, it is important to have a clear understanding of what a curriculum framework is. One important distinction to make is that a curriculum framework is not, per se, a curriculum, and the word ‘framework’ therefore needs to be consideredNov 30, 2021 · Curriculum alignment brings teams of teachers together to plan instructions. Vertical alignment is when teachers who teach the same content area meet across grade level bands. Horizontal alignment ... Framework illustrate the disciplinary ideas, such as political structures, economic decision making, spatial patterns, and chronological sequencing, that help organize the curriculum and content states select. As a core area in the K-12 curriculum, social studies prepares students for their postsecondary futures, in -The curriculum consists of the plans for the learning experiences through which children acquire knowledge, skills, abilities, and understanding. Implementing a curriculum always yields outcomes of some kind—but which outcomes those are and how a program achieves them are critical. In developmentally appropriate practice, the curriculum helps ... Part 1: Curriculum Framework 61 2 The Learning Environment The second component of theCreative Curriculumframework is the learning environment—the use and organization of the space in your classroom, the daily schedule and routines, and the social and emotional atmosphere. In The Creative Curriculum, the learning environment meetsCurriculum framework. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. [1] A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design.A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design.May 8, 2012 · The California State Board of Education adopted the ELA/ELD Framework on July 9, 2014. This is the final digital version of the ELA/ELD Framework. The executive summary provides a glimpse into the ELA/ELD Framework and the guidance it provides for educators, including descriptive snapshots and vignettes of grade-level instruction. This summary ... Content Standards Content standards were designed to encourage the highest achievement of every student, by defining the knowledge, concepts, and skills that students should acquire at each grade level. Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards Web page for those interested in following the revision of CTE Model Curriculum ...A quality curriculum maximizes the potential for the effective enhancement of learning. Underlying this paper is the premise that educational quality should be understood primarily in terms of the quality of student learning, which in turn depends to a great extent on the quality of teaching.5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners. The NCSS curriculum standards offer a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content standards.standards at the high school level were organized by discipline. The standards are rigorous. Students who master this content are on a par with those in the best educational systems in other states and nations. The content is attainable by all students, given sufficient time, except for those few who have severe disabilities. Curriculum Framework . The Nevada CTE Curriculum Frameworks are organized utilizing the recommended course sequencing listed in the program of study and the CTE Course Catalog. The framework identifies the recommended content standards, performance standards, and performance indicators that should be taught in each course.Central to curriculum change is the notion of quality. The aforementioned questions are all related to this notion. But what does ‘quality’ mean in a curriculum context? What is the quality framework within which curriculum developers can set goals, develop and implement change processes, and eventually gauge their success? Curriculum implementation. The process of putting the formal curriculum into practice. In the case of a new or revised curriculum this process ideally includes school development and improvement processes; fostered school leadership and ethos; in-service teacher training and the development of new textbooks, teaching and learning materials and ... The Fiji Islands National Curriculum Framework (NCF) sets out the philosophy and structure for curriculum from early childhood to Form 7. It provides information to assist all those with a responsibility for the provision and quality of the curriculum and education in the Fiji Islands. The framework will be of use to and will inform: Dec 7, 2022 · Content Standards Content standards were designed to encourage the highest achievement of every student, by defining the knowledge, concepts, and skills that students should acquire at each grade level. Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards Web page for those interested in following the revision of CTE Model Curriculum ... Curriculum Curriculum refers to the entirety of the organized experience of students in any institutional setting towards educational aims and objectives. The elements that constitute and bring to life a Curriculum are numerous, and include goals and objectives, syllabi, content to be taught and learnt, pedagogical practices and assessment, teach- Jan 19, 2022 · Since 2005 A.D, a lot of improvement can be seen in the curriculum framework of Nepal but still teaching methodology shows a micro improvement. The contents set or organized for producing human resources is not at least bad but there’s a lack of interpretational ability which is one bad side or say failure of educational administration. Defining the curriculum content. Curriculum development is both a political and technical process. Given the importance of curriculum for society (i.e. from the point of view of its identity; development prospects; etc.), curriculum is a matter of public interest. Curriculum entails nevertheless technical aspects that are the responsibility of ...According to the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), “curriculum” is the organized framework that delineates the content children are to learn, the processes through which children will use to achieve the identified curricular goals, what teachers will do to help children achieve these goals, and the context Standards, kindergarten content stan-dards, and the . Head Start Child Develop-ment and Early Education Framework. An investment in high-quality care and educa-tion programs throughout the early years will promote learning for all children and ensure school readiness when they enter kindergarten. These foundations will help guide andThe following resources are intended to help instructors consider ways to 1) Enrich student learning in their classes today, 2) Organize their courses, and 3) Facilitate students’ knowledge and skill development. Please note that these resources and more can be found at the CTL’s Faculty Resource site. The curriculum framework, including the expected learning outcomes, communicates what teachers and learners should know and do. Curriculum is a description of what, why, how, and how well students should learn in a systematic and intentional way. (14) Expected learning outcomes define the totality of information, knowledge, understanding ...

result in more content organized chronologically and geographically in ways that more fully establish the ability of students to identify and remember causes and effects related to major historical people, events, and ideas across approximately 7000 years of world, U.S., and Texas history . Opportunities to. Mini chainsaw cordless 6 inch with 2 battery

how is content organized in the curriculum framework

Curriculum implementation. The process of putting the formal curriculum into practice. In the case of a new or revised curriculum this process ideally includes school development and improvement processes; fostered school leadership and ethos; in-service teacher training and the development of new textbooks, teaching and learning materials and ...1. The nature of a curriculum framework Before discussing the process of developing a curriculum framework, it is important to have a clear understanding of what a curriculum framework is. One important distinction to make is that a curriculum framework is not, per se, a curriculum, and the word ‘framework’ therefore needs to be considered The California State Board of Education adopted the ELA/ELD Framework on July 9, 2014. This is the final digital version of the ELA/ELD Framework. The executive summary provides a glimpse into the ELA/ELD Framework and the guidance it provides for educators, including descriptive snapshots and vignettes of grade-level instruction. This summary ...Content standards should provide a coherent structure to guide curriculum and instruction" (McLaughlin and Shepard, 1995:20). The emphasis is on guiding, not constricting, teaching, and learning (Council for Basic Education, 1996).learning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one. How is content organized in the curriculum framework? Prepare for a class discussion. III. APPLY With a partner, your last task for this lesson is to prepare a two-page position paper that will ...May 29, 2023 · 1. Define the purpose of the curriculum. Your curriculum should have clear topic and purpose. The topic should be appropriate for the age of the students and the environment in which the curriculum will be taught. [1] If you are asked to design a course, ask yourself questions about the general purpose of the course. based on the "Show Me Standards." The 73 "Show Me Standards" define what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from Missouri's public high schools. This guide begins with an explanation of the curriculum frameworks and the Show Me Standards, followed by an overview of health education and physical education in Missouri. Regardless of definition or approach, curriculum can be organized into three major components: objectives, content or subject matter, and learning experiences. Think of objectives as a road map (“where” are we going), content as the “what” of curriculum, and learning experiences as the “how.”The NCSS curriculum standards instead provide a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They are not a substitute for content standards, but instead provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content ...5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners.The Kenyan Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) resolved to adopt a competency-based approach (CBA) in their curriculum reforms based on the findings of a needs assessment study carried out in 2016, international best practices in education systems and curriculum reforms, and a desire to make learning more meaningful. A quality curriculum maximizes the potential for the effective enhancement of learning. Underlying this paper is the premise that educational quality should be understood primarily in terms of the quality of student learning, which in turn depends to a great extent on the quality of teaching. Mar 16, 2022 · How is content organized in the curriculum framework? Prepare for a class discussion. III. APPLY With a partner, your last task for this lesson is to prepare a two-page position paper that will ... A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. [1] A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. 5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners. Curriculum strands. Structural elements of the curriculum designating the way in which content is organized for the purpose of planning for student learning. The term ‘strands’ is used to indicate: (a) the disciplines within a learning area, e.g. history, geography, economics and civics under ‘social studies’, each with its own ....

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